What Was Corban in the Bible?
Corban is a term used in the New Testament, notably in the Gospels of Mark and Matthew, to describe something dedicated to God. The Greek word “κορβᾶν” (korban), derived from the Hebrew “קָרְבָּן” (qorbān), signifies a gift or offering consecrated to the temple, thus making it sacred and set apart for divine use. This practice, however, became a point of contention in Jesus’ teachings, particularly concerning its misuse by some religious leaders.
Corban and the Teachings of Jesus
In Mark 7:11, Jesus addresses the Pharisees and scribes about the misuse of the Corban tradition. He criticizes them for allowing people to declare their possessions as Corban to evade the obligation of supporting their parents. Jesus quotes the commandment, “Honor your father and mother” (Exodus 20:12), pointing out that declaring something as Corban should not be a loophole to neglect familial responsibilities. This practice was being used to circumvent the command to care for one’s parents, thereby violating the spirit of God’s law.
The term Corban appears again in the context of Matthew 27:6, where the chief priests used the thirty pieces of silver, returned by Judas Iscariot after betraying Jesus, to buy a potter’s field as a burial place for foreigners. This act highlighted the misuse of the Temple Treasury funds, which were intended for sacred purposes, including the support of the temple, priests, and charitable activities.
The Temple Treasury
The Temple Treasury in Jerusalem was a central repository for offerings and donations, serving as the financial hub for temple maintenance and the welfare of the community. As described in Mark 12:41-44, Jesus observed the rich and the poor contributing to the treasury, praising a poor widow for her sacrificial giving despite her limited means. This treasury was meant to reflect the community’s collective devotion to God and their commitment to supporting the temple and its associated needs.
Lessons for the Modern Christian
Integrity in Devotion and Giving
The teachings on Corban highlight the importance of integrity in devotion and giving. The misuse of Corban as an excuse to neglect responsibilities shows a lack of genuine devotion to God. For modern Christians, this serves as a reminder that true worship involves more than just outward acts; it requires a sincere heart and a commitment to living out God’s commandments, including caring for others.
Avoiding Legalism and Hypocrisy
Jesus’ confrontation with the Pharisees over Corban also warns against legalism and hypocrisy. The Pharisees prioritized ritual observance over the more profound moral principles of the law, such as justice, mercy, and faithfulness (Matthew 23:23). This lesson is crucial for believers today, emphasizing that God values compassion and genuine faith over mere ritualistic practices.
Connection to a Loving God
God’s Concern for Genuine Worship
The issue of Corban underscores God’s desire for genuine worship and devotion. The misuse of the Temple Treasury and the Corban practice reveals a disconnect between ritual observance and the heart of worship. God is not interested in mere sacrifices or offerings; He desires a relationship with His people marked by sincerity, love, and obedience. This is echoed in 1 Samuel 15:22, where Samuel declares, “To obey is better than sacrifice.”
Care for the Vulnerable
The teachings about Corban also reflect God’s concern for the vulnerable, including the elderly and poor. The commandment to honor one’s parents includes providing for their needs, emphasizing the broader biblical principle of caring for the vulnerable in society. This is consistent with the character of God, who is described as a defender of the widows and orphans (Psalm 68:5).
Connection to Jesus Christ
Jesus as the Fulfillment of the Law
Jesus’ teachings on Corban and other religious practices show Him as the fulfillment of the Law. He reinterprets the law, not by abolishing it, but by revealing its true intent and deeper moral principles. In Matthew 5:17, Jesus states, “Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.” Jesus emphasizes that the heart of the law is love and genuine devotion to God and others.
The Ultimate Sacrifice
While Corban involved offerings to the temple, Jesus Himself becomes the ultimate sacrifice, offering His life for the redemption of humanity. His sacrifice on the cross was not just a ritual act but a profound demonstration of God’s love and commitment to humanity’s salvation. This ultimate act of giving sets the standard for Christian generosity and sacrifice, calling believers to give of themselves wholly to God and His service.
Conclusion
The concept of Corban, as discussed in the Bible, serves as a critical teaching point about the nature of true devotion, the dangers of legalism, and the importance of integrity in worship. It challenges believers to examine their own practices and motivations, ensuring that their worship and giving are genuine expressions of their faith and love for God. Additionally, it underscores the importance of caring for others, reflecting the compassionate heart of God. In connecting these teachings to Jesus Christ, Christians are reminded of the ultimate sacrifice made on their behalf and are called to live out their faith in a way that honors God and serves others.