Who Was Eleazar in the Bible?

The name Eleazar, derived from the Hebrew name אֶלְעָזָר (Elʿazar), means “God helps.” This name is associated with eight different individuals in the Old Testament, each playing a distinct role in biblical history. From priests to warriors, Eleazar’s name signifies God’s aid and presence in the lives of His people.

Eleazar, Son of Aaron

One of the most notable Eleazars is the son of Aaron and Elisheba, making him the nephew of Moses. He is mentioned in Exodus 6:23:

“Aaron took as his wife Elisheba, the daughter of Amminadab and the sister of Nahshon, and she bore him Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Ithamar” (Exodus 6:23, ESV).

As a high priest, Eleazar succeeded his father Aaron, playing a critical role in leading the Israelites during the wilderness period. He was involved in various significant events, such as the offering of sacrifices and the distribution of land among the tribes of Israel.

Eleazar, the Priest at Kiriath-jearim

Another Eleazar, the son of Abinadab, was appointed as the priest in Kiriath-jearim to guard the Ark of the Covenant. This is recorded in 1 Samuel 7:1:

“And the men of Kiriath-jearim came and took up the ark of the LORD and brought it to the house of Abinadab on the hill. And they consecrated his son Eleazar to have charge of the ark of the LORD” (1 Samuel 7:1, ESV).

This role was crucial during a time when the Ark was not kept in the Tabernacle, symbolizing the people’s reverence and the sanctity of the Ark.

Eleazar, One of David’s Mighty Men

Eleazar is also recognized as one of King David’s mighty men, known for his bravery and valor. In 2 Samuel 23:9-10 and 1 Chronicles 11:12-14, Eleazar is noted for his heroic stand against the Philistines:

“And next to him among the three mighty men was Eleazar the son of Dodo, son of Ahohi. He was with David when they defied the Philistines who were gathered there for battle, and the men of Israel withdrew. He rose and struck down the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand clung to the sword. And the LORD brought about a great victory that day, and the men returned after him only to strip the slain” (2 Samuel 23:9-10, ESV).

Other Eleazars in the Bible

• A Levite: Mentioned in 1 Chronicles 23:21, Eleazar is listed as a descendant of Levi, emphasizing the continuation of the Levitical priesthood.
• A Temple Worker in Ezra’s Time: In Ezra 8:33, Eleazar is noted as one of the temple workers responsible for handling the treasury, showcasing the organizational aspect of temple worship.
• A Member of the Clan of Parosh: In Ezra 10:25, Eleazar is one of the men who divorced his foreign wife to restore Israel’s covenant relationship with God, illustrating the emphasis on purity and obedience.
• A Priest Recorded by Nehemiah: In Nehemiah 12:42, Eleazar participated in the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem, symbolizing the restoration and dedication of the community after the Babylonian exile.
• An Ancestor of Jesus: Finally, in Matthew 1:15, Eleazar is listed as an ancestor of Jesus, connecting him to the Messianic lineage.

Lessons for the Modern Christian

The multiple references to individuals named Eleazar in the Bible offer significant lessons for modern Christians. Each Eleazar’s story provides insights into faithfulness, dedication, and the importance of fulfilling one’s God-given role.

Faithfulness in Service

Whether as a high priest, a guardian of the Ark, or a temple worker, Eleazar’s life exemplifies faithfulness in service. This teaches modern Christians the value of serving God with dedication and integrity in various capacities.

Courage and Valor

Eleazar’s heroic actions as one of David’s mighty men remind Christians of the importance of courage and standing firm in faith, especially in challenging times.

Obedience and Purity

The Eleazar who divorced his foreign wife in obedience to God’s command through Ezra highlights the importance of obedience and maintaining purity in one’s relationship with God.

Connection to a Loving God

The stories of Eleazar underscore a consistent theme of God’s help and presence in the lives of His people. The name Eleazar itself, meaning “God helps,” reflects God’s character as a helper and sustainer.

God’s Provision and Guidance

The various roles Eleazar played demonstrate God’s provision and guidance. From serving in the priesthood to being a warrior, Eleazar’s life shows that God equips and supports those He calls to serve.

God’s Covenant Faithfulness

The mention of Eleazar in the context of the covenant, particularly in the time of Ezra, highlights God’s faithfulness to His covenant with Israel. It reminds believers of God’s unwavering commitment to His promises.

Connection to Jesus Christ

Eleazar’s connection to Jesus Christ is evident in the genealogical record in Matthew. This lineage underscores the fulfillment of God’s promises through the generations, culminating in the birth of the Messiah.

Fulfillment of Prophecy

The inclusion of Eleazar in the genealogy of Jesus highlights the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies regarding the Messiah’s lineage. It affirms the reliability and accuracy of the Scriptures.

Assurance of Salvation

Through Eleazar’s connection to Jesus, believers are reminded of the assurance of salvation offered through Christ. The continuity of the genealogical record assures Christians of God’s plan for redemption and the certainty of His promises.

Conclusion

The various individuals named Eleazar in the Bible each played unique roles in God’s unfolding story. From priests to warriors, their lives demonstrate faithfulness, courage, and dedication. For modern Christians, the lessons from Eleazar’s life include the importance of service, courage, and obedience to God’s commands. Moreover, the connection to Jesus Christ through the genealogy emphasizes God’s faithfulness to His promises and the assurance of salvation available through Christ. Through these stories, believers can find encouragement and inspiration to live faithfully in their own spiritual journeys, trusting in the God who helps and sustains.