What Was Kiriathaim in the Bible?
Kiriathaim: A City of Historical Significance
Kiriathaim, meaning “two cities” or “double city” in Hebrew (קִרְיָתַיִם, Qiryatayim), is mentioned in several passages in the Old Testament. It is identified as a city in the region of Moab, east of the Jordan River. Its various mentions in the Bible highlight its significance in the historical and geographical context of the ancient Near East.
Kiriathaim in the Battle of the Kings
One of the earliest mentions of Kiriathaim is in Genesis 14:5. This passage is part of the narrative of the battle of the kings, where a coalition led by Chedorlaomer attacked several cities, including Kiriathaim:
Genesis 14:5
“In the fourteenth year, Chedorlaomer and the kings who were with him came and defeated the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim.”
This event is part of the broader story of Abraham rescuing his nephew Lot, which underscores the tumultuous and violent backdrop of the ancient Near Eastern geopolitics.
Kiriathaim in the Tribal Inheritance
Kiriathaim is also mentioned in the context of the Israelite settlement and tribal inheritances. The tribes of Reuben and Gad requested to settle on the east side of the Jordan River, and Moses granted their request, assigning them specific cities, including Kiriathaim:
Numbers 32:37
“And the people of Reuben built Heshbon, Elealeh, Kiriathaim,”
Joshua 13:19
“Kiriathaim, Sibmah, Zereth-shahar on the hill in the valley,”
These references highlight Kiriathaim’s integration into the Israelite tribal territories, specifically within the allocation to the tribe of Reuben.
Prophetic Judgments Against Moab
Kiriathaim is also mentioned in several prophetic books, often in the context of judgment against Moab. The prophets Jeremiah and Ezekiel pronounce God’s judgment on Moab and its cities, including Kiriathaim:
Jeremiah 48:1
“Concerning Moab: This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: ‘Woe to Nebo, for it will be ruined. Kiriathaim will be disgraced and captured; the stronghold will be disgraced and shattered.'”
Ezekiel 25:9
“Therefore I will expose the flank of Moab, beginning at its frontier towns—Beth Jeshimoth, Baal Meon, and Kiriathaim—the glory of that land.”
These prophecies indicate Kiriathaim’s importance within Moab and its role in the divine judgment pronounced by the prophets.
The Connection with Kerioth
In some passages, the name Kerioth is associated with Kiriathaim, suggesting a possible connection or variant of the place name:
Jeremiah 48:24
“to Kerioth and Bozrah—to all the towns of Moab, far and near.”
Amos 2:2
“I will send fire upon Moab that will consume the fortresses of Kerioth.”
The plural form “cities” used in Jeremiah 48:41 likely references the multiple settlements in the area, further indicating the region’s significance.
Lessons for the Modern Christian
Understanding God’s Sovereignty and Judgment
The references to Kiriathaim in the context of judgment against Moab serve as a reminder of God’s sovereignty and justice. God’s judgments, as pronounced by the prophets, highlight His control over nations and cities. For modern Christians, this emphasizes the importance of recognizing God’s authority and the consequences of turning away from His commandments.
The Importance of Historical Context
The detailed references to Kiriathaim in the Bible underscore the importance of understanding the historical and geographical contexts of biblical events. By studying these locations, Christians can gain a deeper appreciation of the biblical narrative’s accuracy and relevance. It also helps believers to see the continuity of God’s plan throughout history.
Connection to a Loving God
God’s Faithfulness to His People
The inclusion of Kiriathaim in the tribal allotments of Reuben reflects God’s faithfulness to His promises. Just as He provided specific lands to the tribes of Israel, God continues to fulfill His promises to His people today. This encourages Christians to trust in God’s faithfulness and provision in their own lives.
Divine Guidance and Protection
The story of Abraham and the battle of the kings, which includes the mention of Kiriathaim, illustrates God’s guidance and protection over His chosen people. Abraham’s victory and the subsequent rescue of Lot demonstrate God’s intervention and care. This reassures believers that God is actively involved in their lives, guiding and protecting them through various challenges.
Connection to Jesus Christ
Foreshadowing Redemption
The prophetic judgments against Moab, including Kiriathaim, can be seen as part of the broader narrative of redemption that culminates in Jesus Christ. The destruction and restoration themes present in these prophecies point to the ultimate redemption brought by Christ. Through His death and resurrection, Jesus offers salvation and restoration to all who believe.
The Inclusion of All Nations
The geographical significance of Kiriathaim within Moab and Israelite territories reflects the inclusive nature of God’s redemptive plan. Jesus’ ministry extended beyond the borders of Israel, offering salvation to all nations. This encourages Christians to embrace the global mission of the gospel, reaching out to people from all backgrounds.
Conclusion
Kiriathaim, though briefly mentioned in the Bible, holds significant historical, geographical, and theological importance. Its role in various biblical narratives, from the battle of the kings to the prophetic judgments, provides valuable lessons for modern Christians. By studying Kiriathaim, believers can gain a deeper understanding of God’s sovereignty, faithfulness, and redemptive plan. This encourages a greater appreciation of the biblical narrative and strengthens the believer’s faith in God’s ongoing work in history and their lives.