What Was Mortar in the Bible?
Mortar in Jerusalem
The mention of “mortar” in Zephaniah 1:11 can be somewhat perplexing, as it appears to refer to a specific place or object in Jerusalem. Let’s delve into this verse and explore its meaning from a biblical perspective.
Zephaniah 1:11: A Prophecy of Judgment
Zephaniah 1:11 states, “Wail, you who live in the market district; all your merchants will be wiped out, all who trade with silver will be destroyed.” This verse is part of a broader prophecy of judgment against Judah for their idolatry and disobedience to God. The context of this passage is a warning of impending destruction due to the people’s unfaithfulness and sinful actions.
Interpreting “Mortar”
The term “mortar” in this verse is ambiguous, leading to various scholarly interpretations. Some believe that “mortar” refers to a specific place in Jerusalem, possibly a marketplace or district known for trading. The Hebrew word for mortar is “מַכְתֵּשׁ” (machteš), which can mean a mortar (as in a bowl for grinding) or a hollow place. This could symbolically represent the market district, an area bustling with economic activity.
Others suggest that “mortar” symbolizes the economic activities or material wealth of the people that will be destroyed in the coming judgment. This interpretation aligns with the broader message of Zephaniah, which condemns the people’s reliance on wealth and commerce instead of God.
Symbolism of Mortar in the Prophecy
From a biblical perspective, the mention of mortar in Zephaniah 1:11 can be seen as a symbol of the worldly wealth and materialism that the people of Judah had placed their trust in, rather than relying on God. The destruction of the merchants and traders in the market district signifies the consequences of their sinful actions and the judgment that God will bring upon them.
Lessons for the Modern Christian
The Danger of Materialism
The prophecy in Zephaniah warns against the dangers of materialism and placing trust in worldly possessions. For modern Christians, this serves as a reminder to prioritize our relationship with God over the pursuit of wealth and material success. Jesus teaches in Matthew 6:19-21, “Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moths and vermin destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moths and vermin do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.”
The Consequences of Idolatry
The mention of mortar highlights the consequences of idolatry, where the people of Judah placed their security and trust in economic activities rather than in God. This serves as a stern warning for believers to guard against idolatry in all forms. 1 John 5:21 advises, “Dear children, keep yourselves from idols.” It is crucial to identify and remove anything that takes the place of God in our lives.
Connection to a Loving God
God’s Righteous Judgment
Zephaniah’s prophecy, including the reference to mortar, underscores God’s righteous judgment against sin and disobedience. Despite the severity of His judgments, God’s actions are rooted in His holiness and justice. This reminds believers of the seriousness of sin and the need for repentance. Psalm 7:11 states, “God is a righteous judge, a God who displays his wrath every day.”
God’s Call to Repentance
Even in judgment, God extends a call to repentance and offers hope for restoration. The prophecy in Zephaniah ultimately points to the possibility of redemption for those who turn back to God. Zephaniah 2:3 encourages, “Seek the Lord, all you humble of the land, you who do what he commands. Seek righteousness, seek humility; perhaps you will be sheltered on the day of the Lord’s anger.” This invitation to seek God emphasizes His desire for reconciliation with His people.
Connection to Jesus Christ
Fulfillment of Prophecies
The themes of judgment and redemption in Zephaniah foreshadow the ultimate fulfillment in Jesus Christ. Jesus came to address the problem of sin and offer salvation to all who believe. Through His sacrifice, believers are spared from the ultimate judgment and are given the promise of eternal life. John 3:16 affirms, “For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.”
Jesus as Our True Treasure
Jesus teaches that true security and treasure are found in Him, not in worldly wealth or material possessions. By placing our faith in Jesus, we find lasting fulfillment and purpose. Colossians 2:3 reveals that in Christ “are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.” Believers are called to seek Him above all else, recognizing that He is our greatest treasure.
Conclusion
The mention of mortar in Zephaniah 1:11 serves as a symbolic representation of the material wealth and worldly pursuits that the people of Judah had prioritized over their relationship with God. It stands as a sobering reminder of the consequences of disobedience and the importance of placing our trust in God alone. For modern Christians, this passage warns against materialism and idolatry, urging us to seek God and His righteousness above all else. The prophecy also points to the ultimate redemption found in Jesus Christ, who offers true security and eternal life to all who believe in Him. Understanding the significance of mortar in the biblical narrative deepens our appreciation for God’s justice, mercy, and the fulfillment of His promises through Jesus Christ.