The phrase “cleanliness is next to godliness” is often quoted as if it comes directly from the Bible, but it is not a biblical verse. While the exact phrase does not appear in Scripture, the concept of cleanliness—both physical and spiritual—is indeed emphasized in the Bible. From a biblical perspective, cleanliness is important because it reflects the purity, holiness, and order that God desires in our lives. Understanding this phrase from a biblical viewpoint involves exploring the significance of both physical and spiritual cleanliness in Scripture.
The Origin of the Phrase
Historical Background
The phrase “cleanliness is next to godliness” is commonly attributed to John Wesley, the founder of Methodism, who used it in a sermon in the 18th century. However, the idea has ancient roots, with similar sentiments found in various cultures and religious traditions long before Wesley’s time. The notion that physical cleanliness has moral and spiritual implications has been a part of human thinking for centuries.
Not a Biblical Verse
It’s important to clarify that while the Bible emphasizes cleanliness, the specific phrase “cleanliness is next to godliness” does not appear in Scripture. However, the underlying principles of cleanliness, order, and purity are deeply rooted in biblical teachings.
Biblical Teachings on Cleanliness
Physical Cleanliness in the Old Testament
In the Old Testament, cleanliness, especially in a physical sense, is closely associated with ritual purity. The Law of Moses contains numerous regulations regarding cleanliness, particularly in relation to worship and daily living.
Leviticus 15:31 (NIV):
“You must keep the Israelites separate from things that make them unclean, so they will not die in their uncleanness for defiling my dwelling place, which is among them.”
The laws concerning cleanliness were given to the Israelites to maintain purity, both physically and ceremonially, so that they could approach God’s presence in the tabernacle or temple without defilement. These laws served as a constant reminder of the need for holiness and separation from sin.
Spiritual Cleanliness
While physical cleanliness is emphasized in the Old Testament, the Bible also places a strong emphasis on spiritual cleanliness. Spiritual cleanliness involves purity of heart, mind, and actions, aligning oneself with God’s holiness.
Psalm 51:10 (NIV):
“Create in me a pure heart, O God, and renew a steadfast spirit within me.”
David’s prayer in Psalm 51 reflects the desire for inner purity, recognizing that true cleanliness before God is a matter of the heart. This theme is consistent throughout Scripture, where internal purity is often highlighted as more important than external rituals.
Isaiah 1:16-17 (NIV):
“Wash and make yourselves clean. Take your evil deeds out of my sight; stop doing wrong. Learn to do right; seek justice. Defend the oppressed. Take up the cause of the fatherless; plead the case of the widow.”
God, through the prophet Isaiah, calls the people of Israel to cleanse themselves not just physically but spiritually, by turning away from evil and doing what is right.
Jesus and Cleanliness
In the New Testament, Jesus addresses the concept of cleanliness, particularly in how it relates to the Pharisees’ focus on outward purity. He emphasizes that true godliness is not about external rituals but about the condition of the heart.
Matthew 23:25-26 (NIV):
“Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence. Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and dish, and then the outside also will be clean.”
Jesus rebukes the Pharisees for their hypocrisy, pointing out that they are more concerned with outward appearances than with the inner purity that God desires. This teaching underscores the biblical principle that spiritual cleanliness is of utmost importance.
The Significance of Cleanliness in the Christian Life
Reflecting God’s Holiness
Cleanliness, both physical and spiritual, is often seen as a reflection of God’s holiness. In the Bible, God’s holiness is described as pure, spotless, and untainted by sin. As believers, we are called to reflect this holiness in our lives.
1 Peter 1:15-16 (NIV):
“But just as he who called you is holy, so be holy in all you do; for it is written: ‘Be holy, because I am holy.'”
This call to holiness encompasses all areas of life, encouraging believers to pursue purity and cleanliness in both their hearts and their actions.
Cleanliness as a Discipline
Maintaining cleanliness, particularly in a physical sense, can be seen as a discipline that promotes order and respect for the body, which is described in the Bible as the temple of the Holy Spirit.
1 Corinthians 6:19-20 (NIV):
“Do you not know that your bodies are temples of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own; you were bought at a price. Therefore honor God with your bodies.”
Taking care of our physical bodies, including cleanliness, is a way to honor God, recognizing that our bodies are a gift from Him and should be treated with respect.
The Relationship Between Physical and Spiritual Cleanliness
While the Bible places a greater emphasis on spiritual cleanliness, it does not disregard the importance of physical cleanliness. The two can be seen as complementary, with physical cleanliness serving as an outward expression of the inward purity that God desires.
James 4:8 (NIV):
“Come near to God and he will come near to you. Wash your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded.”
James uses the imagery of washing hands, a physical act of cleanliness, to symbolize the spiritual act of purifying one’s heart. This connection between the physical and spiritual reinforces the idea that cleanliness in all forms is valued by God.
Conclusion
The phrase “cleanliness is next to godliness” may not be a direct biblical quote, but it resonates with the biblical themes of purity, holiness, and order. The Bible emphasizes the importance of both physical and spiritual cleanliness, teaching that true godliness involves a pure heart and a life that reflects God’s holiness. While external cleanliness is important and can be a reflection of inner discipline and respect for God’s creation, the Bible makes it clear that spiritual cleanliness—purity of heart and mind—is what truly aligns us with God’s will. As believers, we are called to pursue cleanliness in all aspects of our lives, recognizing that it is part of living a life that honors and glorifies God.