1 Samuel 28:3 – “Now Samuel was dead, and all Israel had mourned for him and buried him in his own town of Ramah. Saul had expelled the mediums and spiritists from the land.”
Extended Explanation
This verse sets the stage for the dramatic events to follow in 1 Samuel 28, where Saul seeks guidance from a medium. It opens by reminding us that Samuel, the prophet and spiritual leader of Israel, had passed away. His death left a significant spiritual void in Israel, as Samuel had been the voice of God to the people, including King Saul. The second part of the verse notes that Saul had expelled all mediums and spiritists from Israel, in accordance with God’s law, which forbade consulting the dead or practicing witchcraft (Deuteronomy 18:10-12). Ironically, this verse introduces the very law that Saul himself will break later in this chapter as he seeks out a medium in desperation.
Historical Context
Samuel’s death marks a critical moment in Israel’s history. As a prophet, Samuel played a major role in guiding Israel through spiritual and political upheavals. He had anointed Saul as king, and later, David. With Samuel’s passing, Saul no longer had a godly advisor to guide him. By this point in Saul’s reign, his relationship with God had deteriorated, and he was isolated, both spiritually and politically. His earlier expulsion of mediums and spiritists followed the Mosaic Law, which sought to keep Israel free from pagan practices that were common in the surrounding nations. However, Saul’s eventual desperation leads him to go against this very law.
Theological Implications
Theologically, this verse highlights the importance of godly leadership and the dangers of spiritual rebellion. Samuel’s death left Saul without a direct line to God, which shows how crucial it is to have godly counsel in leadership. Saul’s rejection of God’s commands earlier in his reign now leads him to a place of spiritual emptiness. His later actions in this chapter also demonstrate the danger of straying from God’s guidance and seeking answers in forbidden places. The fact that Saul had once expelled mediums but would later seek one out reveals how far he had fallen spiritually.
Literary Analysis
This verse serves as a somber introduction to the events of chapter 28. By stating that Samuel was dead, it foreshadows the desperate actions Saul will take. The contrast between Saul’s earlier obedience in expelling mediums and his later disobedience when seeking one sets up a dramatic irony. The verse is concise, but packed with meaning, revealing the tension between Saul’s past actions and his impending downfall.
Biblical Cross-References
- Deuteronomy 18:10-12: God’s prohibition against witchcraft, divination, and consulting the dead.
- 1 Samuel 15:23: Samuel rebukes Saul, stating that rebellion is as sinful as witchcraft, highlighting Saul’s earlier spiritual failures.
- Leviticus 19:31: A clear command not to turn to mediums or spiritists, which Saul once upheld but will later violate.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For Christians today, this verse is a reminder of the importance of seeking guidance from God alone, especially during times of uncertainty or fear. Saul’s example shows the dangers of drifting away from God and looking for answers in places that go against His will. In modern times, Christians may not consult mediums, but there are still many ways people seek guidance outside of God’s Word—whether through superstition, self-help, or worldly advice. This verse encourages us to remain faithful to God’s direction and resist the temptation to seek answers apart from Him.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
Despite Saul’s failings, this verse reminds us of God’s unchanging love and His desire for His people to stay close to Him. God’s prohibition against mediums and spiritists wasn’t arbitrary; it was designed to protect Israel from harmful spiritual influences. His love is seen in the boundaries He sets, guiding His people toward wholeness and away from deception. Even when we stray, God remains faithful, always calling us back to Himself.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
This verse connects to Jesus Christ as He is the ultimate source of wisdom and guidance for believers. Where Saul turned to a medium in his desperation, Christians are called to turn to Christ, who intercedes on our behalf (Hebrews 7:25). Jesus is the fulfillment of God’s plan for spiritual leadership, being both our prophet and king. Through Christ, we have direct access to God, eliminating the need for any intermediary like Samuel or the forbidden practice of consulting the dead (John 14:6).
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- In what ways do people today seek guidance outside of God’s will? How can we avoid this in our own lives?
- How can we maintain our faith and trust in God during times of spiritual dryness or uncertainty, like Saul faced?
- How does knowing that Jesus is our direct access to God encourage us to seek Him in all circumstances?