Acts 22:20 – “And when the blood of your martyr Stephen was shed, I stood there giving my approval and guarding the clothes of those who were killing him.”

Extended Explanation of the Verse

In this verse, Paul (formerly known as Saul) is recalling a dark part of his past—his involvement in the stoning of Stephen, the first Christian martyr. Before Paul’s conversion, he was a Pharisee and a fierce opponent of the followers of Jesus. He didn’t just approve of Stephen’s execution—he actively participated by watching over the garments of those who threw the stones.

Paul is speaking to Jesus in this passage, acknowledging his past actions. He is essentially saying, “Lord, they know who I used to be. They know that I was against You, that I even took part in Stephen’s death.” This was part of Paul’s argument that the Jews in Jerusalem should listen to him because they knew his transformation was real.

But Jesus had already told Paul that the people in Jerusalem would not accept his testimony (Acts 22:18). Paul’s past, instead of making him more persuasive to the Jews, actually made them more resistant to his message.

This verse highlights both the depth of Paul’s former sin and the incredible power of God’s grace in his life.

Historical Context

Stephen was one of the first deacons of the early church, a man full of faith and the Holy Spirit (Acts 6:5). He was falsely accused of blasphemy and brought before the Sanhedrin, where he boldly proclaimed the truth about Jesus. His speech enraged the Jewish leaders, and they dragged him out of the city and stoned him to death (Acts 7:54-60).

Saul (Paul) was there, not as a passive observer but as an active participant, fully supporting the execution. This event marked the beginning of intense persecution against Christians in Jerusalem, with Saul leading the charge (Acts 8:1-3).

Years later, after his dramatic conversion, Paul often reflected on his past actions. He never forgot how deeply he had sinned, but he also recognized that God’s grace had transformed him. His testimony shows that no one is beyond redemption.

Theological Implications

1. God’s Grace is Greater Than Our Worst Sin – Paul went from being a persecutor of the church to one of its greatest missionaries. His life is proof that no one is too far gone for God to redeem.
2. Persecution is Part of the Christian Life – Stephen’s death reminds us that standing for Christ often comes with a cost. Jesus Himself warned that His followers would be hated (John 15:18-20).
3. God Can Use Our Past for His Glory – Paul’s past did not disqualify him from being used by God. Instead, it became part of his testimony, showing the power of transformation in Christ.

Literary Analysis

Paul’s wording in this verse is deeply personal. The phrase “I stood there giving my approval” emphasizes his direct involvement in Stephen’s death. The mention of “guarding the clothes” may seem like a small detail, but it signifies more than just a minor role. In ancient times, those who stoned someone to death would remove their outer garments to throw stones more effectively. Paul’s role as the one guarding their clothes indicates that he was a trusted leader among those persecuting Christians.

This verse also creates a contrast between Paul’s past and his present. The same man who once approved of killing Christians is now willing to be killed for preaching Christ.

Biblical Cross-References

• Acts 7:54-60 – The stoning of Stephen, where Paul (Saul) is first mentioned.
• Acts 8:1-3 – Paul’s active persecution of the church following Stephen’s death.
• 1 Timothy 1:13-16 – Paul speaks of how, despite his violent past, God showed him mercy.
• Romans 5:8 – “But God demonstrates his own love for us in this: While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.”

What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian

Paul’s story reminds us that no one is beyond God’s grace. If God could forgive and transform someone who was actively persecuting Christians, He can forgive and transform anyone.

It also challenges us to remember where we came from. Paul never forgot his past, not to dwell on guilt, but to highlight God’s mercy. As believers, we should never think our sins are too great for God to forgive. Instead, we should use our testimonies to show others the hope that is found in Christ.

How This Verse Relates to a Loving God

God’s love is displayed in His willingness to forgive even the worst sinners. Paul deserved judgment, but God showed him mercy. This is the heart of the gospel—God offers forgiveness, not because we deserve it, but because of His grace.

Stephen’s final words before he died were, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them” (Acts 7:60). This reflects the same love Jesus showed on the cross when He prayed for those crucifying Him (Luke 23:34). God’s love is patient, merciful, and ready to forgive anyone who turns to Him.

How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ

1. Jesus Forgives the Worst Sinners – Just as Jesus forgave Paul, He offers the same forgiveness to all who repent (Luke 5:32).
2. Jesus Endured Persecution First – Stephen’s death mirrors what happened to Jesus, who was falsely accused and executed by those who rejected Him (Matthew 26:59-67).
3. Jesus Calls Us to a Life of Transformation – Paul’s life was completely changed by his encounter with Jesus (2 Corinthians 5:17).

Questions for Reflection and Discussion

1. Have you ever felt like your past disqualified you from serving God? How does Paul’s story encourage you?
2. What can we learn from Stephen’s willingness to die for his faith?
3. How does this verse challenge us to trust in God’s forgiveness?
4. Why do you think Paul frequently reminded others of his past?
5. How can you use your own testimony to point others to Jesus?