Esther 2:12: “Before a young woman’s turn came to go in to King Xerxes, she had to complete twelve months of beauty treatments prescribed for the women, six months with oil of myrrh and six with perfumes and cosmetics.”
Extended Explanation of the Verse
In Esther 2:12, we learn about the preparation process that each young woman had to undergo before meeting King Xerxes. The women in the harem, including Esther, were required to complete twelve months of beauty treatments—six months with oil of myrrh and six months with perfumes and other cosmetics. These treatments were likely aimed at enhancing their appearance and preparing them for their possible role as queen.
The emphasis on this lengthy preparation shows the seriousness with which the king’s officials approached the selection process. It also highlights the contrast between the external beauty being cultivated and the internal strength and character that Esther would later display. The verse sets up the tension between outward appearances and the deeper qualities that make Esther an unlikely yet divinely chosen queen.
Historical Context
The Persian Empire, ruled by King Xerxes, was known for its wealth and opulence. The practice of gathering women from all over the empire to potentially become queen reflects the culture of the time, where beauty and appearance were highly prized, especially in the royal court. The women chosen for the harem would undergo extensive beauty treatments, which likely included skin care, hair treatments, and the use of fragrances, all designed to make them as appealing as possible to the king.
The use of myrrh and other perfumes was not just about enhancing beauty; it also had symbolic and cultural significance. Myrrh, for instance, was often used in purification rituals and as a healing oil. These treatments reflected the Persian view of royalty as being almost divine, with queens needing to be perfect in appearance. This level of preparation shows the immense pressure on these women to meet the king’s standards.
Theological Implications
This verse reveals the superficial standards of human culture compared to God’s deeper purposes. While the Persian court focused on outward beauty, God’s concern was with the heart. Although Esther was chosen to undergo these elaborate treatments, her true worth came not from her appearance but from her character and faith. The Bible teaches us that God looks beyond the surface and values inner qualities like humility, courage, and faithfulness.
Theologically, this verse reminds us that God can use even the most worldly or superficial systems for His purposes. Esther’s rise to queenship is not just about meeting the king’s standards of beauty; it’s part of God’s greater plan to save His people. God works through all circumstances, even those that seem to be focused on outward appearances, to accomplish His will.
Literary Analysis
From a literary standpoint, Esther 2:12 deepens the tension between outward appearances and inward character. The verse emphasizes the elaborate process the women must go through, setting the stage for Esther’s eventual distinction—not just because of her beauty but because of her courage and wisdom. The lengthy preparation process also underscores the contrast between the human standards of beauty and the unseen, divine plan that is unfolding.
The twelve-month process of beauty treatments is a symbol of how the world often places high value on external things. The detail about the extensive treatments, along with the mention of myrrh and perfumes, creates a sense of anticipation for what will happen when Esther finally meets the king. The preparations build suspense and highlight the pressures placed on these young women, yet Esther’s story will ultimately reveal that it is not her appearance but her heart that makes the greatest impact.
Relevant Biblical Cross-References
- 1 Samuel 16:7: “But the Lord said to Samuel, ‘Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The Lord does not look at the things people look at. People look at the outward appearance, but the Lord looks at the heart.’” This verse reminds us that while the world focuses on external beauty, God is concerned with our hearts.
- Proverbs 31:30: “Charm is deceptive, and beauty is fleeting; but a woman who fears the Lord is to be praised.” This ties into Esther’s story, showing that while physical beauty may have brought her to the palace, it was her faith and courage that made her truly great.
- 1 Peter 3:3-4: “Your beauty should not come from outward adornment, such as elaborate hairstyles and the wearing of gold jewelry or fine clothes. Rather, it should be that of your inner self, the unfading beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is of great worth in God’s sight.” This passage echoes the deeper message of Esther’s story, where inner qualities matter more than outward appearance.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For Christians today, Esther 2:12 serves as a reminder that while the world often places high value on appearance, God cares about our inner character. The long process of preparation that Esther and the other women went through reflects the pressure to conform to society’s standards of beauty. However, we are called to focus on cultivating inner qualities like faith, integrity, and love, which are what truly matter in God’s eyes.
This verse also encourages believers to trust that God is working, even in situations that seem worldly or superficial. Esther’s journey to the palace may have seemed like it was all about outward beauty, but God had a greater plan for her. In the same way, we can trust that God is using every part of our lives, even the seemingly insignificant or worldly moments, to fulfill His purposes.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
Esther 2:12 shows that even when people are focused on outward appearances, God’s love is constant and deeper. God’s love for Esther was not based on how she looked but on who she was. His love is not dependent on our outward qualities or accomplishments; it is based on His grace and our identity as His children.
This verse also reflects God’s patience and care in preparing Esther for her future role. Just as the beauty treatments were a lengthy process, God often works in our lives over time, preparing us for the purposes He has in store. His love is evident in the way He prepares us, even when we don’t fully understand the path He is leading us on.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
Esther’s preparation for her role as queen can be seen as a parallel to the way Jesus prepared for His earthly ministry. Just as Esther underwent a lengthy period of preparation before meeting the king, Jesus spent years living in obscurity before beginning His public ministry. Both Esther and Jesus were being prepared for a specific, divine mission that would lead to the salvation of many.
Jesus’ ministry also challenges the world’s focus on outward appearances. While Esther was judged by her beauty, Jesus came in humility, without the outward trappings of royalty, yet He was the King of Kings. His life and sacrifice demonstrate that true greatness comes not from external appearances but from a life lived in obedience to God’s will.
- Isaiah 53:2: “He had no beauty or majesty to attract us to him, nothing in his appearance that we should desire him.” Unlike Esther, Jesus did not have outward beauty to draw people to Him, yet He was God’s chosen one to bring salvation to the world.
- Philippians 2:6-7: “Who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant, being made in human likeness.” Jesus’ humility contrasts with the worldly focus on beauty and status, showing us that true greatness comes through serving others and following God’s plan.
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- How does this verse challenge you to think about the way our culture emphasizes outward appearance? How can you focus on developing your inner character?
- In what ways can you trust that God is working behind the scenes in your life, even in situations that seem worldly or superficial?
- How does Esther’s story encourage you to see God’s greater plan, even in moments when you feel pressured to conform to society’s standards?
- What does this verse teach you about God’s patience and preparation in your own life? How can you trust Him in the process?
- How does Jesus’ life and ministry show us that true greatness comes from humility and obedience to God, rather than outward beauty or status?