Exodus 40:3 – “Place the ark of the covenant law in it and shield the ark with the curtain.”
Extended Explanation of the Verse
Exodus 40:3 is a directive given by God to Moses as part of the instructions for setting up the Tabernacle. This verse focuses on placing the Ark of the Covenant within the Tabernacle and then shielding it with a curtain. The Ark of the Covenant was the most sacred object in the Tabernacle, symbolizing God’s presence and the covenant He had made with Israel. The curtain, also known as the veil, separated the Holy of Holies—where the Ark was placed—from the rest of the Tabernacle, emphasizing the holiness of God and the need for a barrier between sinful humanity and the divine presence.
Historical Context
The historical context of this verse is deeply rooted in the Israelites’ journey from Egypt to the Promised Land. The Ark of the Covenant, constructed according to the instructions given earlier in Exodus, held the tablets of the covenant, Aaron’s rod, and a jar of manna. It was considered the physical manifestation of God’s presence among His people. The setting up of the Tabernacle and the placing of the Ark within it marked the culmination of God’s instructions for worship and the fulfillment of His promise to dwell among His people. The curtain that shielded the Ark highlighted the sacredness of the space and the serious nature of approaching God.
Theological Implications
Theologically, Exodus 40:3 emphasizes the holiness of God and the separation between God and humanity due to sin. The Ark of the Covenant represented God’s throne on earth, and the curtain symbolized the barrier that sin had created between God and His people. Only the high priest could enter the Holy of Holies, and only once a year on the Day of Atonement, signifying the need for mediation in the relationship between God and humanity. This verse underscores the seriousness of approaching God with reverence and the necessity of following His instructions for worship.
Literary Analysis
From a literary perspective, Exodus 40:3 is part of a detailed narrative that shifts from the instructions for the construction of the Tabernacle to its actual assembly. The specific mention of placing the Ark and shielding it with a curtain adds weight to the idea of divine holiness. The language used in this verse is precise, reflecting the care and reverence required in setting up the dwelling place of God. The verse serves as a reminder that God’s presence is both a source of blessing and a matter of great responsibility.
Relevant Biblical Cross-References
- Exodus 26:33-34 – These verses provide the instructions for making the curtain and placing the Ark behind it, emphasizing the importance of the separation.
- Leviticus 16:2 – “The Lord said to Moses: ‘Tell your brother Aaron that he is not to come whenever he chooses into the Most Holy Place behind the curtain in front of the atonement cover on the ark, or else he will die.'” This verse further underscores the seriousness of entering the Holy of Holies.
- Hebrews 9:3-4 – These verses explain the contents of the Ark and the significance of the curtain in the context of the Old Covenant.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For today’s Christian, Exodus 40:3 serves as a reminder of the holiness of God and the respect we must have in approaching Him. While we no longer have a physical Ark or curtain, the principle of approaching God with reverence remains. This verse also highlights the importance of following God’s instructions and recognizing the barriers that sin can create in our relationship with Him. However, it also points to the hope that these barriers can be overcome through Jesus Christ.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
Exodus 40:3 reflects God’s love in His desire to be present among His people while also protecting them from the dangers of His holiness. The curtain was a safeguard, ensuring that the people did not inadvertently come into contact with God’s holy presence in a way that would bring harm. This provision shows God’s love and care, even in the midst of His holiness, by providing a way for His presence to dwell among the Israelites without consuming them.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
Exodus 40:3 connects to Jesus Christ in a profound way. The curtain in the Tabernacle represented the barrier between God and humanity, a barrier that was ultimately torn down through Jesus’ death on the cross. In Matthew 27:51, we read that at the moment of Jesus’ death, “the curtain of the temple was torn in two from top to bottom.” This tearing of the curtain symbolizes the removal of the barrier between God and humanity, allowing believers to approach God directly through Christ. Jesus is the ultimate fulfillment of the Ark of the Covenant, embodying God’s presence on earth and making a way for us to enter into the Holy of Holies.
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- How does the placement of the Ark of the Covenant behind the curtain challenge you to consider the holiness of God?
- What does the presence of the curtain teach you about the seriousness of sin and the separation it causes?
- How does the tearing of the curtain at Jesus’ death change your understanding of your relationship with God?
- In what ways can you approach God with the reverence and respect that is due to Him, while also embracing the access given through Jesus?
- How does this verse encourage you to think about the barriers in your own life that may hinder your relationship with God, and how can you address them through faith in Christ?