Joshua 22:20 – “When Achan son of Zerah was unfaithful in regard to the devoted things, did not wrath come on the whole community of Israel? He was not the only one who died for his sin.’”
Extended Explanation of the Verse
Joshua 22:20 is a reminder from Phinehas and the Israelite leaders about the seriousness of disobedience to God’s commands. They reference the sin of Achan, who had taken some of the forbidden items during the conquest of Jericho, an act of disobedience that brought God’s judgment upon the entire nation of Israel. This act of unfaithfulness led to a severe consequence: Israel was defeated in the next battle at Ai, and many lives were lost. The leaders use Achan’s story to warn the eastern tribes—Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh—that disobedience affects not just the individual but the entire community. They are urging the tribes to consider the potential impact of their actions, reminding them of the communal responsibility they share.
Historical Context
The historical context of this verse goes back to the events in Joshua 7, where Achan’s disobedience caused God’s anger to burn against Israel. Despite clear instructions to avoid taking any spoils from Jericho, Achan kept some for himself, hiding them in his tent. His sin led to Israel’s defeat in battle, and it was only after Achan’s sin was exposed and dealt with that the nation could move forward. This story was a powerful reminder to all of Israel about the importance of complete obedience to God. By recalling Achan’s sin, the leaders were emphasizing that even one act of rebellion could bring disastrous consequences on the whole community.
Theological Implications
Theologically, this verse underscores the idea that sin is never just a private matter—it has the potential to affect the entire community of God’s people. The sin of one person, if unchecked, can bring harm to many. This teaches us that God’s commands are given not only for individual holiness but also for the protection and well-being of the whole community. The verse also emphasizes accountability among God’s people, showing that everyone has a role in maintaining faithfulness to God. It is a call to take sin seriously, recognizing that our actions can impact others in ways we may not immediately see.
Literary Analysis
The verse is framed as a direct warning, using a well-known example from Israel’s history to drive home the point. The rhetorical question, “Did not wrath come on the whole community of Israel?” is meant to provoke reflection and remind the eastern tribes of the severe consequences that followed Achan’s disobedience. The use of Achan’s name personalizes the warning, making it clear that individual actions have collective implications. The verse serves as a stark reminder that faithfulness to God’s commands is crucial, not just for oneself but for the entire group.
Relevant Biblical Cross-References
- Joshua 7:1-26 – The account of Achan’s sin and its consequences provides the backdrop for the warning given in Joshua 22:20, illustrating the impact of disobedience on the whole community.
- 1 Corinthians 5:6 – Paul warns that “a little yeast leavens the whole batch of dough,” emphasizing how one person’s sin can affect the entire group.
- Hebrews 12:15 – This verse encourages vigilance so that no one misses God’s grace, reminding us of the communal responsibility to guard against sin within the community.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For today’s Christian, Joshua 22:20 is a powerful reminder of the impact of individual actions on the wider community. It teaches that our choices, whether good or bad, do not occur in a vacuum—they affect those around us. This verse encourages believers to take personal responsibility for their actions and to consider the broader implications of their decisions. It also highlights the importance of accountability within the church, reminding us that we are called to help one another stay faithful and obedient to God’s Word.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
This verse reflects God’s love in His desire to protect His people from the harmful effects of sin. God’s response to Achan’s sin was not just about punishing disobedience; it was about preserving the holiness and well-being of the entire nation. God’s commands are meant to keep His people safe and to foster a community where everyone can thrive. By recalling Achan’s story, God’s people are reminded of His love that seeks to guard them from the destructive power of sin. God’s discipline, though sometimes severe, is an expression of His love and commitment to His people’s ultimate good.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
Joshua 22:20 connects to Jesus Christ, who bore the consequences of all sin on the cross, taking upon Himself the judgment that humanity deserved. Just as Achan’s sin brought trouble upon Israel, the sin of humanity brought separation from God. Jesus’ sacrifice addresses this problem, offering forgiveness and restoring the broken relationship between God and people. In Romans 5:18, Paul explains that just as one man’s sin (Adam’s) brought condemnation, so one man’s obedience (Jesus’) brings righteousness and life. Jesus’ work on the cross demonstrates God’s ultimate solution to the problem of sin, providing a way for individuals and communities to be made whole.
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- How does the story of Achan challenge you to consider the impact of your actions on your community or church?
- What steps can you take to ensure you are living in obedience to God’s commands, both personally and as part of a group?
- How can you help others in your faith community stay accountable and avoid actions that could bring harm?
- In what ways does Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross encourage you to take sin seriously and seek God’s grace for yourself and others?
This passage challenges us to live with integrity, recognizing the broader impact of our actions and seeking to honor God in all we do, while relying on Christ’s grace to guide and restore us.