Matthew 19:21- “Jesus answered, ‘If you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.'”
An Extended Explanation of the Verse
In this verse, Jesus responds to the rich young man’s question about what he still lacks by pointing to the heart of the issue: his attachment to wealth. Jesus tells the man to sell all he owns, give the proceeds to the poor, and follow Him. This radical call reveals that eternal life isn’t about simply following rules but about fully surrendering one’s heart and priorities to God.
The phrase “If you want to be perfect” doesn’t imply moral flawlessness but rather completeness in devotion to God. Jesus is challenging the young man to let go of anything that stands between him and full dependence on God. His wealth had become an obstacle to trusting and following Jesus wholeheartedly.
Historical Context
In first-century Jewish society, wealth was often seen as a sign of God’s blessing and favor. The young man likely believed that his riches affirmed his righteousness. Jesus’ instruction to give up his possessions would have been shocking, not only because of the personal sacrifice involved but also because it challenged cultural assumptions about wealth and spiritual standing.
Jesus’ call to sell everything and give to the poor reflects the broader teaching of the Old Testament, where caring for the vulnerable is central to living out God’s commands. By connecting the man’s wealth to his spiritual journey, Jesus highlights the principle that material possessions should never take precedence over faithfulness to God.
Theological Implications
This verse underscores the necessity of surrender in the Christian life. Following Jesus requires more than external obedience; it demands a heart fully devoted to Him. The young man’s wealth symbolized his reliance on worldly security, which needed to be replaced by trust in God.
It also highlights the principle of storing up treasures in heaven rather than on earth. Jesus calls His followers to value eternal rewards over temporary comforts, challenging them to live with a kingdom-focused perspective.
Literary Analysis
The structure of Jesus’ response moves from the general (“If you want to be perfect”) to the specific actions required: sell possessions, give to the poor, and follow Him. This progression emphasizes that true discipleship involves both inward transformation and outward action.
The promise of “treasure in heaven” contrasts with the fleeting nature of earthly wealth, inviting the young man to exchange temporary riches for eternal rewards. The final command, “Come, follow me,” encapsulates the ultimate goal: a personal relationship with Jesus.
Relevant Biblical Cross-References
- Matthew 6:19-21 – Jesus teaches about storing treasures in heaven rather than on earth.
- Luke 14:33 – Jesus calls His disciples to give up everything to follow Him.
- Acts 4:32-35 – Early Christians shared their possessions to care for the needy, reflecting this teaching.
- Philippians 3:7-8 – Paul counts everything as loss compared to the surpassing worth of knowing Christ.
- James 2:14-17 – Faith without action, such as caring for the poor, is incomplete.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For Christians today, this verse is a powerful reminder to examine what may be standing between us and a wholehearted commitment to Jesus. While not everyone is called to sell all their possessions, the principle of surrender applies universally. Anything that competes with our devotion to God—whether wealth, relationships, or ambitions—must be laid down.
This verse also challenges us to live generously, caring for those in need as an expression of our faith. By giving to others, we reflect God’s love and demonstrate that our ultimate treasure is in Him.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
God’s love is evident in His desire for us to experience true freedom and fulfillment. By calling the young man to let go of his wealth, Jesus is inviting him to break free from the burdens of materialism and embrace the joy of eternal life.
This verse also reflects God’s heart for the poor and marginalized. His command to give to the poor shows that His love extends to all people, especially those in need. God’s love calls us to reflect His compassion in practical ways.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
Jesus’ call to “Come, follow me” is central to His mission. He invites the young man, and all of us, into a life of discipleship where our priorities align with His kingdom. Jesus embodies the surrender and selflessness He calls us to—He gave up everything, even His life, to reconcile us to God.
Through His life and teaching, Jesus shows that true riches are found in a relationship with Him. By following Jesus, we gain a treasure far greater than anything this world can offer: eternal life and fellowship with God.
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- What possessions, relationships, or ambitions might be holding you back from fully following Jesus?
- How can you live more generously and prioritize caring for the poor and vulnerable?
- In what ways do you store up treasures in heaven rather than relying on earthly wealth?
- How does Jesus’ invitation to “Come, follow me” challenge you to live with greater trust and surrender?
- What steps can you take to align your heart and priorities more closely with God’s kingdom?