Matthew 27:21 – “Which of the two do you want me to release to you?” asked the governor. “Barabbas,” they answered.
Extended Explanation of the Verse
In this verse, Pilate asks the crowd to choose between two men: Jesus Barabbas, a known criminal, and Jesus, called the Messiah. The crowd, influenced by the chief priests and elders, chooses Barabbas, demanding his release over the innocent Savior. This pivotal moment reveals the crowd’s rejection of Jesus and their preference for a worldly figure who represents rebellion and violence.
Pilate’s question highlights the injustice of the situation. By presenting the choice to the people, Pilate shifts the responsibility for the decision onto the crowd, despite his authority as governor to decide the outcome. The crowd’s answer, “Barabbas,” reflects their blindness to Jesus’ true identity and the manipulation they faced from the religious leaders.
Historical Context
Barabbas was a notorious figure, described in other Gospels as a rebel and murderer (Mark 15:7; Luke 23:19). His actions were likely part of an uprising against Roman rule, making him both a criminal and, in the eyes of some, a misguided hero.
The custom of releasing a prisoner during the Passover festival was a Roman concession to the Jewish people, meant to appease them and maintain order. Pilate likely thought that offering the crowd a choice between Jesus and Barabbas would lead to Jesus’ release, as Barabbas’ crimes were well-known. However, the chief priests and elders had already stirred the crowd to demand Barabbas’ freedom and Jesus’ crucifixion.
Theological Implications
This verse underscores the depth of humanity’s sin and the rejection of God’s gift of salvation. The crowd’s choice to release Barabbas over Jesus demonstrates humanity’s tendency to prioritize worldly desires and values over God’s truth and righteousness. Barabbas, a symbol of rebellion and sin, was set free while Jesus, the sinless Savior, was condemned in his place.
Theologically, this moment illustrates the substitutionary nature of Jesus’ sacrifice. Barabbas, though guilty, was released because Jesus, the innocent one, was condemned. This reflects the greater truth of the gospel: Jesus took the place of sinners, bearing the punishment we deserved so that we could be set free (2 Corinthians 5:21).
Literary Analysis
This verse heightens the dramatic tension of the trial narrative. Pilate’s question, “Which of the two do you want me to release to you?” creates a stark choice for the crowd, emphasizing the contrast between Barabbas, a guilty man, and Jesus, the innocent Messiah. The crowd’s answer, “Barabbas,” demonstrates their rejection of Jesus and their complicity in the injustice of His condemnation.
The use of dialogue in this verse draws readers into the scene, making them consider the weight of the choice being made and its implications for the unfolding events.
Relevant Biblical Cross-References
- Mark 15:11 – The chief priests stirred up the crowd to release Barabbas instead of Jesus.
- Isaiah 53:3 – Prophecy about the Messiah being despised and rejected by men.
- Romans 5:8 – “While we were still sinners, Christ died for us.”
- John 1:10-11 – Jesus came to His own, but His own did not receive Him.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For Christians today, this verse challenges us to reflect on our own choices. The crowd’s decision to choose Barabbas over Jesus highlights the human tendency to reject God’s truth in favor of what seems easier, more convenient, or more appealing in the moment. It reminds believers to evaluate whether their decisions align with God’s will or with worldly influences.
This verse also serves as a powerful reminder of grace. Just as Barabbas was set free because Jesus took his place, believers are freed from sin and condemnation because of Jesus’ sacrifice. It calls us to live in gratitude and to embrace the freedom and forgiveness that Christ offers.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
God’s love is evident in this moment of rejection and substitution. Despite the crowd’s choice to free Barabbas and condemn Jesus, God used their decision to fulfill His plan of salvation. Jesus willingly took the punishment that Barabbas deserved, demonstrating God’s unchanging love and commitment to redeeming humanity.
This verse also reflects God’s patience and mercy. Even as people rejected His Son, God continued to offer His grace and salvation through Jesus.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
This verse underscores Jesus’ role as the innocent Lamb of God who takes the place of sinners. Barabbas’ release is a vivid picture of substitution: Jesus bore the punishment that Barabbas, and all humanity, deserved. This act foreshadows the ultimate sacrifice Jesus would make on the cross.
The crowd’s rejection of Jesus also highlights His fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies about the suffering Messiah who would be despised and rejected by men (Isaiah 53:3). Jesus’ willingness to endure this rejection demonstrates His obedience to the Father and His love for humanity.
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- How does the crowd’s choice between Barabbas and Jesus challenge you to reflect on your own decisions and priorities?
- What does this verse teach about the nature of grace and Jesus’ substitutionary work on the cross?
- How can you resist the influence of worldly values and remain faithful to Jesus in your daily life?
- In what ways does this verse deepen your gratitude for Jesus’ willingness to take your place and bear the punishment for your sins?