Numbers 4:20 – “But they must not go in to look at the holy things, even for a moment, or they will die.”
Extended Explanation of the Verse
Numbers 4:20 is a solemn warning from God regarding the handling of the most sacred objects in the tabernacle. This verse specifically addresses the Kohathites, a group of Levites tasked with transporting the holy furnishings of the tabernacle, such as the Ark of the Covenant, the table of showbread, and the lampstand. The warning is clear: the Kohathites must not look at the holy things, even briefly, or they will die.
The seriousness of this command reflects the holiness of God and the reverence required when dealing with objects that symbolize His presence. Only Aaron and his sons, the priests, were allowed to see and cover the sacred items before the Kohathites could carry them. This command was not about keeping secrets but about protecting the Kohathites from the fatal consequences of approaching God’s holiness in an inappropriate manner. It highlights the need for strict boundaries when dealing with the divine.
Historical Context
This verse is set during the Israelites’ journey through the wilderness after their exodus from Egypt. The tabernacle was the central place of worship, where God’s presence dwelt among His people. The Levites were set apart to serve in the tabernacle, and the Kohathites had the special role of carrying the most sacred items. However, their duties came with strict instructions: they could not touch or directly view these holy objects, which had to be covered by the priests before transport.
This context reflects a time when God’s presence was represented in physical, sacred objects, and the boundaries around these objects were meant to teach the Israelites about the holiness of God. The Kohathites’ role was vital, but it came with the weighty responsibility of respecting the divine instructions given to protect them from harm.
Theological Implications
Theologically, Numbers 4:20 underscores the absolute holiness of God and the necessity of approaching Him with utmost reverence. This verse reminds us that God is not to be approached casually or carelessly. The strict command that the Kohathites must not look at the holy things even for a moment emphasizes the seriousness of coming near to God. It teaches that God’s presence is powerful and must be respected according to His guidelines.
This verse also highlights the importance of boundaries in our relationship with God. These boundaries were not arbitrary; they were protective. God’s instructions were designed to keep the Kohathites safe while they served Him, reminding us that God’s laws and commands are given for our good, guiding us in how to relate to Him rightly.
Literary Analysis
Numbers 4:20 is a direct and urgent statement that reinforces the instructions given in the preceding verses. The language is clear and unambiguous, using the stark phrase “or they will die” to emphasize the life-and-death seriousness of the command. The verse’s simplicity and directness serve to underscore the high stakes involved in handling the sacred.
The structure of this verse reflects the broader tone of Numbers, where God’s commands are given with precision and often include consequences to highlight their importance. The repeated warnings about the danger of mishandling holy things reflect the consistent biblical theme of God’s holiness and the need for careful obedience.
Biblical Cross-References
- Exodus 33:20: This verse states that no one can see God’s face and live, highlighting the deadly seriousness of encountering God’s holiness in an unprotected state.
- 1 Samuel 6:19: This passage describes how some men of Beth Shemesh looked into the Ark of the Covenant and were struck down, illustrating the consequences of violating God’s commands regarding His holy objects.
- Hebrews 12:28-29: This New Testament passage urges believers to worship God “with reverence and awe, for our God is a consuming fire,” echoing the same respect for God’s holiness seen in Numbers.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For today’s Christian, Numbers 4:20 serves as a reminder that approaching God is a serious matter. While we have the privilege of direct access to God through Christ, this verse challenges us to approach Him with respect and reverence. It teaches that God’s holiness is not something to be treated lightly, and our worship should reflect a deep awareness of His majesty.
This verse also speaks to the importance of respecting the boundaries God sets for our protection. Just as the Kohathites were given clear instructions to keep them safe, we too are called to follow God’s guidance in our lives. His commands are not restrictive; they are protective, designed to lead us in the way that honors Him and keeps us from spiritual harm.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
Numbers 4:20 reflects a loving God who cares deeply about the well-being of His people. God’s instructions to the Kohathites were not meant to be burdensome; they were given to protect them from the dangers of approaching His holiness improperly. This verse shows that God’s love is both protective and guiding, providing the necessary boundaries to keep His people safe while serving Him.
God’s love is also evident in His willingness to provide clear guidance. He does not leave His people to guess how to approach Him but gives specific instructions that reflect His desire for their safety and well-being. This verse reminds us that God’s holiness is powerful, but His love ensures that we have a way to engage with Him without fear.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
Numbers 4:20 connects to Jesus Christ, who is our ultimate mediator and protector in approaching God. While the Kohathites had to follow strict rules to avoid the fatal consequences of mishandling holy things, Jesus has made a way for us to come directly to God without fear. Hebrews 10:19-22 tells us that through Jesus’ sacrifice, we have confidence to enter the Most Holy Place by the blood of Jesus, providing us with a new and living way to approach God.
Jesus’ death and resurrection remove the barriers that once separated us from God’s presence. He covers us with His righteousness, allowing us to draw near to God without the danger that the Kohathites faced. Christ fulfills the protective role once provided by the priests, ensuring that we can approach God safely and in full relationship with Him.
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- How does the command to the Kohathites to avoid looking at the holy things challenge you to approach God with the right attitude today?
- In what ways can we show greater respect and reverence in our worship, reflecting the careful instructions given in this passage?
- How does understanding Jesus as our mediator change the way you view your access to God’s holiness?
- What steps can you take to ensure that your approach to God honors His holiness while embracing the access provided through Christ?
This passage challenges us to respect God’s holiness while embracing the incredible access we have through Jesus. It reminds us that God’s commands are given for our good, guiding us in how to approach Him with reverence and love, trusting in Christ’s perfect work on our behalf.