Revelation 21:18 – “The wall was made of jasper, and the city of pure gold, as pure as glass.”
Extended Explanation of the Verse
This verse gives us a closer look at the materials used in the New Jerusalem, the eternal city where God will live with His people forever. First, John says the wall is made of jasper, a stone that in ancient times was likely clear or radiant, similar to a diamond. Then, he describes the city itself as pure gold—but not just any gold. It’s so refined and perfect that it’s as clear as glass.
This is not just a description of wealth or beauty. It’s a way of showing how pure, flawless, and holy this place is. In the world we live in now, even the best gold has flaws and impurities. But this city is different. Everything about it reflects God’s perfection, holiness, and glory. There’s no corruption, no decay, and no sin in it—only what is clean and everlasting.
Historical Context
In the time of John, cities were known for their stone walls, not for their beauty, but for their strength. Walls were usually made from rough materials like brick, stone, or mud. Even wealthy cities used gold and gems mainly for decoration in temples or palaces—never for the actual structure.
So when John describes an entire wall made of jasper and a city of gold as clear as glass, he’s showing something no one in his time had ever seen. It’s a vision of something not of this world—a city built not with human hands, but by God Himself (Hebrews 11:10).
This would have encouraged early Christians who lived in poverty, faced persecution, or had lost everything. They were being reminded that God had something far better waiting for them—something no earthly kingdom could compare to.
Theological Implications
This verse reveals something about God’s nature and His eternal kingdom. The materials used—jasper and pure, transparent gold—point to complete holiness and purity. Nothing impure will be in God’s presence, and His eternal home reflects that.
It also teaches us that value in God’s kingdom is measured differently. What people on earth consider most precious—gold and gemstones—is what God uses to build with. That means the most important part of heaven isn’t the materials—it’s the presence of God Himself.
The clarity of the gold, like glass, may also speak to the openness and transparency of this city. Nothing is hidden, nothing dark. Everything is open and filled with light.
Literary Analysis
John uses vivid visual language to describe the New Jerusalem, relying on rare and beautiful materials to help us grasp what words alone can’t fully express. The use of jasper and pure gold builds on earlier descriptions in Revelation, like Revelation 4:3, where God’s glory is also compared to jasper.
The comparison of gold to clear glass is striking. Gold in its natural state is solid and reflective, not transparent. But this gold is so pure that it’s clear. John is trying to describe something heavenly using earthly terms, but it’s clear that this city is far beyond what anyone has seen or imagined.
Relevant Biblical Cross-References
- Exodus 25:8-9 – God gives instructions for the tabernacle to be built with precious materials, showing His holiness.
- 1 Kings 6:20-22 – Solomon overlaid the temple’s inner sanctuary with gold, pointing to the sacredness of God’s presence.
- Revelation 4:3 – God is described as having the appearance of jasper and ruby.
- Hebrews 11:10 – “For he was looking forward to the city with foundations, whose architect and builder is God.”
- Matthew 6:19-20 – Jesus tells His followers to store up treasures in heaven, not on earth.
What This Verse Means for Today’s Christian
For believers today, this verse reminds us that no matter how broken, painful, or poor life can feel, there is something perfect and lasting that God is preparing for us. The beauty and purity of the New Jerusalem shows the greatness of God’s promises and the richness of His love.
It also helps us shift our focus. While the world runs after gold and beauty that fades, God is building a place where those things are the foundation, not the treasure. The real treasure is living with God and being made like Him—pure, whole, and full of light.
How This Verse Relates to a Loving God
Only a loving God would prepare such a beautiful and perfect place for His people. He doesn’t offer a bare shelter or a leftover room—He builds a radiant city made with care and glory. The walls, the streets, and the buildings reflect His goodness and the joy He wants His people to share with Him.
This isn’t about showing off riches—it’s about showing how much God values His people. He prepares the best for them. His love is seen not just in what He gives, but in how thoughtfully and beautifully He gives it.
How This Verse Connects to Jesus Christ
Jesus is the one who makes this city accessible. In John 14:2-3, He said He was going to prepare a place for His followers. Revelation 21 shows that place—a city that reflects the holiness and glory of God. Without Jesus, we could never enter such a perfect place. But through His death and resurrection, He cleanses us and makes us ready.
Jesus also compared the kingdom of heaven to a treasure hidden in a field or a pearl of great price (Matthew 13:44-46). What He offers is more valuable than anything else—and this verse gives a glimpse of just how glorious that treasure really is.
Questions for Reflection and Discussion
- What does the purity and beauty of the city say about God’s character?
- Why do you think God chose materials like jasper and pure gold to describe His eternal city?
- How does this verse help you value eternal things over temporary ones?
- In what ways does this picture of the city encourage you when life feels broken or hard?
- How can you live today with your heart set on the place Jesus is preparing for you?
- What does this verse help you understand about the holiness required to dwell with God?