Introduction

1 Corinthians 7 is a comprehensive chapter where Paul addresses questions concerning marriage, singleness, and relationships within the Christian community of Corinth. This guidance comes in response to specific issues raised by the Corinthians themselves (1 Corinthians 7:1), offering a nuanced approach to questions of celibacy, marriage, divorce, and remarriage.

Principles of Marriage and Celibacy

Advice on Marriage and Singleness

Paul begins by discussing the virtues of singleness and celibacy, recommending it as a good way to maintain undivided devotion to the Lord. However, he acknowledges that not everyone has the same gift from God and that marriage is a good and holy alternative to avoid immorality (1 Corinthians 7:1-7).

Duties of Married Couples

Paul emphasizes that marriage involves mutual obligations. He instructs married couples not to deprive each other of physical intimacy except by mutual consent for a time of prayer, and then to come together again to avoid temptation (1 Corinthians 7:2-5).

Guidance on Divorce and Remarriage

Marriages in the Church

For Christian couples, Paul teaches that neither spouse should leave the other. If they do separate, they should remain unmarried or else reconcile. This directive is anchored in the teachings of Jesus, emphasizing the sanctity and permanence of marriage (1 Corinthians 7:10-11).

Mixed Marriages

Paul addresses situations where a Christian is married to a non-believer. He counsels that if the unbelieving partner consents to live with the believer, the believer should not initiate a divorce. This reflects a hope that the believing spouse might lead the unbelieving spouse to faith. However, if the unbeliever leaves, the believer is “not bound in such circumstances,” reflecting an understanding of the complexities of such situations (1 Corinthians 7:12-16).

Living According to One’s Marital Status

Remaining in One’s Condition

Paul advises believers to remain in whatever marital state they were in when they were called by God, whether married or unmarried, to promote peace and to focus on serving the Lord. This advice is grounded in the principle that external conditions do not define one’s relationship with God (1 Corinthians 7:17-24).

Considerations for the Unmarried and Widows

Paul suggests that staying unmarried is preferable in view of the present distress and because it allows for undivided attention to the Lord’s affairs. Yet, he acknowledges that marriage is a good choice if a person feels too strong a temptation to remain single (1 Corinthians 7:25-28).

The Unchanging Principle: Devotion to the Lord

The Advantages of Singleness

Paul underscores the benefits of singleness in serving the Lord without distraction. He contrasts this with the divided interests of married people, who must attend to their spouse’s needs (1 Corinthians 7:32-35).

Advice on Betrothal and Widows

Paul concludes by addressing the fathers of virgins (betrothed women) and widows, stating that they do well if they keep their daughters unmarried, but they do not sin if they decide to let them marry. His overarching principle is that each person should live as they believe they are called by God in peace (1 Corinthians 7:36-40).

Theological Themes and Connections

Connection to Jesus Christ

The chapter’s teachings on marriage and celibacy are deeply connected to Jesus Christ’s teachings on commitment and sacrifice. Paul reflects Christ’s teachings by emphasizing the sanctity of marriage and the high calling of singleness for kingdom purposes.

God’s Love for the World

This chapter demonstrates God’s love by providing practical, compassionate guidance tailored to the needs and situations of the Corinthians. It shows God’s concern for the well-being and spiritual health of His people, accommodating various life situations while upholding a high standard of moral conduct.

Contemporary Relevance

1 Corinthians 7 remains relevant today by addressing real-life issues related to relationships, marriage, and personal calling. It provides a balanced view that respects individual callings and life situations, offering wisdom that applies to contemporary issues of sexual ethics, relational dynamics, and personal devotion to God.

Conclusion

1 Corinthians 7 offers profound insights into Christian relationships and personal holiness. By providing guidelines that are both principled and practical, Paul helps believers navigate the complexities of relationships in a way that honors God and fosters spiritual growth. The chapter encourages believers to consider their life circumstances as opportunities to serve Christ faithfully, whether in singleness or marriage.