Introduction
Revelation 21 depicts the consummation of all things under God’s reign, introducing the New Heaven, the New Earth, and the New Jerusalem. This chapter symbolizes the ultimate fulfillment of God’s promise of redemption and restoration, marking the end of suffering and the eternal dwelling of God with humanity.
The New Heaven and New Earth
Creation Renewed
John begins by witnessing a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away, and there is no longer any sea (Revelation 21:1). This transformation signifies a complete renewal of the created order, free from the chaos often symbolized by the sea in ancient literature.
God’s Dwelling with Humanity
John sees the holy city, the New Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride beautifully dressed for her husband (Revelation 21:2). A loud voice from the throne announces that God’s dwelling is now among the people, and He will live with them. They will be His people, and God Himself will be with them and be their God (Revelation 21:3). This proclamation underscores the intimate and unmediated relationship between God and His people.
The End of Suffering
The voice from the throne declares that there will be no more death, mourning, crying, or pain, for the old order of things has passed away (Revelation 21:4). This promise highlights the complete cessation of all forms of suffering and the everlasting peace and joy that characterize the new creation.
The New Jerusalem
Description of the City
John describes the New Jerusalem in detail, noting its great and high walls with twelve gates where twelve angels stand, and names written on them, which are the names of the twelve tribes of Israel (Revelation 21:12). The wall of the city has twelve foundations, and on them are the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb (Revelation 21:14).
Measurements and Splendor
The city is laid out like a square, as long as it is wide. John measures the city with a rod and finds it to be 12,000 stadia in length, and as wide and high as it is long (Revelation 21:16). The wall is made of jasper, and the city of pure gold, as pure as glass. The foundations of the city walls are decorated with every kind of precious stone, and the twelve gates are twelve pearls (Revelation 21:18-21). This splendor reflects the glory and majesty of God.
Presence of God and the Lamb
The city does not need the sun or the moon to shine on it, for the glory of God gives it light, and the Lamb is its lamp (Revelation 21:23). The nations will walk by its light, and the kings of the earth will bring their splendor into it. Its gates will never be shut, and there will be no night there (Revelation 21:24-25). This portrays the city as a place of eternal peace and divine illumination.
Conclusion: Significance and Relevance
Connection to Jesus Christ
Revelation 21 connects deeply to Jesus Christ through the imagery of the Lamb and His central role in the new creation. Christ’s presence in the city as its light emphasizes His divine authority and His redemptive work that makes the New Jerusalem possible.
God’s Love for the World
This chapter demonstrates God’s love by fulfilling His promises of a restored creation where He lives among His people, removing all causes of sorrow. The detailed description of the New Jerusalem symbolizes the perfect and complete nature of God’s provision for His people.
Contemporary Relevance
Revelation 21 is profoundly relevant today as it offers believers a hopeful vision of the future, encouraging them to persevere in their faith despite current trials and sufferings. It serves as a reminder of the ultimate reality of God’s kingdom, urging Christians to live in a manner that reflects the values of this coming kingdom. The promise of a new creation where righteousness dwells challenges believers to promote justice, peace, and holiness in their present lives.
Through its breathtaking imagery and profound promises, Revelation 21 inspires awe and worship, providing believers with a powerful vision of their ultimate hope and the eternal home prepared for them by God.